VC++ 检测注册表

使用.NET平台所写的winform软件运行需要目标机器装有对应的Microsoft .NET Framework环境才能使用，如果未安装直接报错对使用者来说很不友好，得有一种方法来解决，最后采用了VC++编写了启动程序来对目标机器进行检测判断。
方法步骤这里从网上收集整理了下，用来判断本机 .NET 环境是否安装，如未安装则不运行 .NET 平台所写的程序。

#include "stdio.h"
#include "windows.h"
#include "tchar.h"
#include "strsafe.h"
//#include "stdafx.h"
//#pragma comment (lib,"Advapi32.lib") //静态库编译下 需要 否则编译失败
//#pragma comment(lib, "Msimg32.lib")  //静态库编译下 需要 否则编译失败
#pragma comment(lib, "AdvAPI32.lib")  //静态库编译下 需要 否则编译失败
#pragma comment(lib, "User32.lib") //静态库编译下 需要 否则编译失败
#pragma comment(lib,"shell32.lib")

// 为避免机器编译时候出现：SDK中某些值没有被定义的情况，先定义他们。
#ifndef SM_TABLETPC
#define SM_TABLETPC    86
#endif

#ifndef SM_MEDIACENTER
#define SM_MEDIACENTER 87
#endif

// 用于检测注册表项的名称和值名称的常量
const TCHAR *g_szNetfx10RegKeyName = _T("Software\\\Microsoft\\\.NETFramework\\\Policy\\\v1.0");
const TCHAR *g_szNetfx10RegKeyValue = _T("3705");
const TCHAR *g_szNetfx10SPxMSIRegKeyName = _T("Software\\\Microsoft\\\Active Setup\\\Installed Components\\\{78705f0d - e8db - 4b2d - 8193 - 982bdda15ecd}");
const TCHAR *g_szNetfx10SPxOCMRegKeyName = _T("Software\\\Microsoft\\\Active Setup\\\Installed Components\\\{FDC11A6F - 17D1 - 48f9 - 9EA3 - 9051954BAA24}");
const TCHAR *g_szNetfx11RegKeyName = _T("Software\\\Microsoft\\\NET Framework Setup\\\NDP\\\v1.1.4322");
const TCHAR *g_szNetfx20RegKeyName = _T("Software\\\Microsoft\\\NET Framework Setup\\\NDP\\\v2.0.50727");
const TCHAR *g_szNetfx30RegKeyName = _T("Software\\\Microsoft\\\NET Framework Setup\\\NDP\\\v3.0\\\Setup");
const TCHAR *g_szNetfx30SpRegKeyName = _T("Software\\\Microsoft\\\NET Framework Setup\\\NDP\\\v3.0");
const TCHAR *g_szNetfx30RegValueName = _T("InstallSuccess");
const TCHAR *g_szNetfx35RegKeyName = _T("Software\\\Microsoft\\\NET Framework Setup\\\NDP\\\v3.5");
const TCHAR *g_szNetfx40RegKeyName = _T("SOFTWARE\\\Microsoft\\\NET Framework Setup\\\NDP\\\v4\\\Full");
const TCHAR *g_szNetfxStandardRegValueName = _T("Install");
const TCHAR *g_szNetfxStandardSPxRegValueName = _T("SP");
const TCHAR *g_szNetfxStandardVersionRegValueName = _T("Version");

// .NET Framework 3.0最终版本的版本信息
const int g_iNetfx30VersionMajor = 3;
const int g_iNetfx30VersionMinor = 0;
const int g_iNetfx30VersionBuild = 4506;
const int g_iNetfx30VersionRevision = 26;

// .NET Framework 3.5最终版本的版本信息
const int g_iNetfx35VersionMajor = 3;
const int g_iNetfx35VersionMinor = 5;
const int g_iNetfx35VersionBuild = 21022;
const int g_iNetfx35VersionRevision = 8;

// 函数原型声明
bool CheckNetfxBuildNumber(const TCHAR*, const TCHAR*, const int, const int, const int, const int);
int GetNetfx10SPLevel();
int GetNetfxSPLevel(const TCHAR*, const TCHAR*);
bool IsCurrentOSTabletMedCenter();
bool IsNetfx10Installed();
bool IsNetfx11Installed();
bool IsNetfx20Installed();
bool IsNetfx30Installed();
bool IsNetfx35Installed();
bool RegistryGetValue(HKEY, const TCHAR*, const TCHAR*, DWORD, LPBYTE, DWORD);

/******************************************************************
Function Name: 判断.NET Framework 1.0是否安装
Description:    Uses the detection method recommended at
[url]http://msdn.microsoft.com/library/ms994349.aspx[/url]
to determine whether the .NET Framework 1.0 is
installed on the machine
Inputs:        NONE
Results:        .NET Framework 1.0已安装返回TRUE否则返回FALSE
******************************************************************/
bool IsNetfx10Installed()
{
    TCHAR szRegValue[MAX_PATH];
    return (RegistryGetValue(HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE, g_szNetfx10RegKeyName, g_szNetfx10RegKeyValue, NULL, (LPBYTE)szRegValue, MAX_PATH));
}

/******************************************************************
Function Name: 判断.NET Framework 1.1是否安装
Description:    Uses the detection method recommended at
[url]http://msdn.microsoft.com/library/ms994339.aspx[/url]
to determine whether the .NET Framework 1.1 is
installed on the machine
Inputs:        NONE
Results:        .NET Framework 1.1已安装返回TRUE否则返回FALSE
******************************************************************/
bool IsNetfx11Installed()
{
    bool bRetValue = false;
    DWORD dwRegValue = 0;

    if (RegistryGetValue(HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE, g_szNetfx11RegKeyName, g_szNetfxStandardRegValueName, NULL, (LPBYTE)&dwRegValue, sizeof(DWORD)))
    {
        if (1 == dwRegValue)
            bRetValue = true;
    }

    return bRetValue;
}

/******************************************************************
Function Name: 判断.NET Framework 2.0是否安装
Description:    Uses the detection method recommended at
[url]http://msdn.microsoft.com/library/aa480243.aspx[/url]
to determine whether the .NET Framework 2.0 is
installed on the machine
Inputs:        NONE
Results:        .NET Framework 2.0已安装返回TRUE否则返回FALSE
******************************************************************/
bool IsNetfx20Installed()
{
    bool bRetValue = false;
    DWORD dwRegValue = 0;

    if (RegistryGetValue(HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE, g_szNetfx20RegKeyName, g_szNetfxStandardRegValueName, NULL, (LPBYTE)&dwRegValue, sizeof(DWORD)))
    {
        if (1 == dwRegValue)
            bRetValue = true;
    }

    return bRetValue;
}

/******************************************************************
Function Name: 判断.NET Framework 3.0是否安装
Description:    Uses the detection method recommended at
[url]http://msdn.microsoft.com/library/aa964979.aspx[/url]
to determine whether the .NET Framework 3.0 is
installed on the machine
Inputs:        NONE
Results:        .NET Framework 3.0已安装返回TRUE否则返回FALSE
******************************************************************/
bool IsNetfx30Installed()
{
    bool bRetValue = false;
    DWORD dwRegValue = 0;

    // 检查InstallSuccess注册表值存在，等于1
    if (RegistryGetValue(HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE, g_szNetfx30RegKeyName, g_szNetfx30RegValueName, NULL, (LPBYTE)&dwRegValue, sizeof(DWORD)))
    {
        if (1 == dwRegValue)
            bRetValue = true;
    }

    //补充核查，检查版本列出的版本号在注册表中，是否已有预发布版的 .NET Framework 3.0 InstallSuccess值。
    return (bRetValue && CheckNetfxBuildNumber(g_szNetfx30RegKeyName, g_szNetfxStandardVersionRegValueName, g_iNetfx30VersionMajor, g_iNetfx30VersionMinor, g_iNetfx30VersionBuild, g_iNetfx30VersionRevision));
}

/******************************************************************
Function Name: 判断.NET Framework 3.5是否安装
Description:    Uses the detection method recommended at
[url]http://msdn.microsoft.com/library/cc160716.aspx[/url]
to determine whether the .NET Framework 3.5 is
installed on the machine
Inputs:        NONE
Results:        .NET Framework 3.5已安装返回TRUE否则返回FALSE
******************************************************************/
bool IsNetfx35Installed()
{
    bool bRetValue = false;
    DWORD dwRegValue = 0;

    // 检查安装的注册表值存在，等于1
    if (RegistryGetValue(HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE, g_szNetfx35RegKeyName, g_szNetfxStandardRegValueName, NULL, (LPBYTE)&dwRegValue, sizeof(DWORD)))
    {
        if (1 == dwRegValue)
            bRetValue = true;
    }

    // 补充核查，检查版本列出的版本号在注册表中，是否已有预发布版的 .NET Framework 3.5 InstallSuccess值。
    return (bRetValue && CheckNetfxBuildNumber(g_szNetfx35RegKeyName, g_szNetfxStandardVersionRegValueName, g_iNetfx35VersionMajor, g_iNetfx35VersionMinor, g_iNetfx35VersionBuild, g_iNetfx35VersionRevision));
}

/******************************************************************
Function Name: 判断.NET Framework 4.0是否安装
Description:    Uses the detection method recommended at
[url]http://msdn.microsoft.com/library/cc160716.aspx[/url]
to determine whether the .NET Framework 4.0 is
installed on the machine
Inputs:        NONE
Results:        .NET Framework 4.0已安装返回TRUE否则返回FALSE
******************************************************************/
bool IsNetfx40Installed()
{
    bool bRetValue = false;
    DWORD dwRegValue = 0;

    // 检查安装的注册表值存在，等于1
    if (RegistryGetValue(HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE, g_szNetfx40RegKeyName, g_szNetfxStandardRegValueName, NULL, (LPBYTE)&dwRegValue, sizeof(DWORD)))
    {
        if (1 == dwRegValue)
            bRetValue = true;
    }

    return bRetValue;
}

/******************************************************************
Function Name: 获取.NET Framework 1.0 SP 的版本
Description:    Uses the detection method recommended at
[url]http://blogs.msdn.com/astebner/archive/2004/09/14/229802.aspx[/url]
to determine what service pack for the
.NET Framework 1.0 is installed on the machine
Inputs:        NONE
Results:        integer representing SP level for .NET Framework 1.0
******************************************************************/
int GetNetfx10SPLevel()
{
    TCHAR szRegValue[MAX_PATH];
    TCHAR *pszSPLevel = NULL;
    int iRetValue = -1;
    bool bRegistryRetVal = false;

    //需要检测操作系统上注册表项SP的版本
    if (IsCurrentOSTabletMedCenter())
        bRegistryRetVal = RegistryGetValue(HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE, g_szNetfx10SPxOCMRegKeyName, g_szNetfxStandardVersionRegValueName, NULL, (LPBYTE)szRegValue, MAX_PATH);
    else
        bRegistryRetVal = RegistryGetValue(HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE, g_szNetfx10SPxMSIRegKeyName, g_szNetfxStandardVersionRegValueName, NULL, (LPBYTE)szRegValue, MAX_PATH);

    if (bRegistryRetVal)
    {
        // 格式化SP版本号： #,#,#####,#
        pszSPLevel = _tcsrchr(szRegValue, _T(', '));
        if (NULL != pszSPLevel)
        {
// 增量指针跳过逗号
            pszSPLevel++;

// 转换值为整数
            iRetValue = _tstoi(pszSPLevel);
        }
    }

    return iRetValue;
}

/******************************************************************
Function Name: 获取.NET Framework SP 的版本
Description:    确定哪些已安装Service Pack的版本。 NET框架使用基于注册表检测方法的记载。 NET Framework的部署指南。
Inputs:        pszNetfxRegKeyName – registry key name to use for detection
pszNetfxRegValueName – registry value to use for detection
Results:        integer representing SP level for .NET Framework
******************************************************************/
int GetNetfxSPLevel(const TCHAR \*pszNetfxRegKeyName, const TCHAR \*pszNetfxRegValueName)
{
    DWORD dwRegValue = 0;

    if (RegistryGetValue(HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE, pszNetfxRegKeyName, pszNetfxRegValueName, NULL, (LPBYTE)&dwRegValue, sizeof(DWORD)))
    {
        return (int)dwRegValue;
    }

    // 从注册表检索 .NET框架未安装或有某种错误的数据
    return -1;
}

/******************************************************************
Function Name: 获取.NET Framework 编译版本
Description:    从注册表检索 .NET Framework 的版本号，验证这不是一个预发布版本号
Inputs:        NONE
Results:        true if the build number in the registry is greater
than or equal to the passed in version; false otherwise
******************************************************************/
bool CheckNetfxBuildNumber(const TCHAR \*pszNetfxRegKeyName, const TCHAR \*pszNetfxRegKeyValue, const int iRequestedVersionMajor, const int iRequestedVersionMinor, const int iRequestedVersionBuild, const int iRequestedVersionRevision)
{
    TCHAR szRegValue[MAX_PATH];
    TCHAR *pszToken = NULL;
    TCHAR *pszNextToken = NULL;
    int iVersionPartCounter = 0;
    int iRegistryVersionMajor = 0;
    int iRegistryVersionMinor = 0;
    int iRegistryVersionBuild = 0;
    int iRegistryVersionRevision = 0;
    bool bRegistryRetVal = false;

    // 尝试建立一些注册表值
    bRegistryRetVal = RegistryGetValue(HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE, pszNetfxRegKeyName, pszNetfxRegKeyValue, NULL, (LPBYTE)szRegValue, MAX_PATH);

    if (bRegistryRetVal)
    {
        // 此注册表值应的格式#.#.#####.##.尝试解析4部分版本浏览
        pszToken = _tcstok_s(szRegValue, _T("."), &pszNextToken);
        while (NULL != pszToken)
        {
            iVersionPartCounter++;

            switch (iVersionPartCounter)
            {
            case 1:
    // 转换主要版本为整数

                iRegistryVersionMajor = _tstoi(pszToken);
                break;
            case 2:
    // 转换次要版本值为整数
                iRegistryVersionMinor = _tstoi(pszToken);
                break;
            case 3:
    // 转换编译版本值为整数
                iRegistryVersionBuild = _tstoi(pszToken);
                break;
            case 4:
    // 转换版本号值为整数
                iRegistryVersionRevision = _tstoi(pszToken);
                break;
            default:
                break;

            }

// 获取其它部分的版本号
            pszToken = _tcstok_s(NULL, _T("."), &pszNextToken);
        }
    }

    // Compare the version number retrieved from the registry with
    // the version number of the final release of the .NET Framework 3.0
    //从注册表中检索最后发布的 .NET Framework 3.0 的版本号码，比较版本号码
    if (iRegistryVersionMajor > iRequestedVersionMajor)
    {
        return true;
    }
    else if (iRegistryVersionMajor == iRequestedVersionMajor)
    {
        if (iRegistryVersionMinor > iRequestedVersionMinor)
        {
            return true;
        }
        else if (iRegistryVersionMinor == iRequestedVersionMinor)
        {
            if (iRegistryVersionBuild > iRequestedVersionBuild)
            {
                return true;
            }
            else if (iRegistryVersionBuild == iRequestedVersionBuild)
            {
                if (iRegistryVersionRevision >= iRequestedVersionRevision)
                {
                    return true;
                }
            }
        }
    }

    // If we get here, the version in the registry must be less than the
    // version of the final release of the .NET Framework we are checking,
    // so return false
    return false;
}

bool IsCurrentOSTabletMedCenter()
{
    // Use GetSystemMetrics to detect if we are on a Tablet PC or Media Center OS
    return ((GetSystemMetrics(SM_TABLETPC) != 0) || (GetSystemMetrics(SM_MEDIACENTER) != 0));
}

/******************************************************************
Function Name: RegistryGetValue
Description:    Get the value of a reg key
Inputs:        HKEY hk – The hk of the key to retrieve
TCHAR *pszKey – Name of the key to retrieve
TCHAR *pszValue – The value that will be retrieved
DWORD dwType – The type of the value that will be retrieved
LPBYTE data – A buffer to save the retrieved data
DWORD dwSize – The size of the data retrieved
Results:        true if successful, false otherwise
******************************************************************/
bool RegistryGetValue(HKEY hk, const TCHAR * pszKey, const TCHAR * pszValue, DWORD dwType, LPBYTE data, DWORD dwSize)
{
    HKEY hkOpened;

    // Try to open the key
    if (RegOpenKeyEx(hk, pszKey, 0, KEY_READ, &hkOpened) != ERROR_SUCCESS)
    {
        return false;
    }

    // If the key was opened, try to retrieve the value
    if (RegQueryValueEx(hkOpened, pszValue, 0, &dwType, (LPBYTE)data, &dwSize) != ERROR_SUCCESS)
    {
        RegCloseKey(hkOpened);
        return false;
    }

    // Clean up
    RegCloseKey(hkOpened);

    return true;
}

int APIENTRY _tWinMain(HINSTANCE hInstance,
    HINSTANCE hPrevInstance,
    LPTSTR    lpCmdLine,
    int      nCmdShow)
{
    int iNetfx10SPLevel = -1;
    int iNetfx11SPLevel = -1;
    int iNetfx20SPLevel = -1;
    int iNetfx30SPLevel = -1;
    int iNetfx35SPLevel = -1;
    int iNetfx40SPLevel = -1;
    TCHAR szMessage[MAX_PATH];

    // Determine whether or not the .NET Framework
    // 1.0, 1.1, 2.0 or 3.0 are installed
    bool bNetfx10Installed = IsNetfx10Installed();
    bool bNetfx11Installed = IsNetfx11Installed();
    bool bNetfx20Installed = IsNetfx20Installed();

    // The .NET Framework 3.0 is an add-in that installs
    // on top of the .NET Framework 2.0. For this version
    // check, validate that both 2.0 and 3.0 are installed.
    bool bNetfx30Installed = (IsNetfx20Installed() && IsNetfx30Installed());

    // The .NET Framework 3.5 is an add-in that installs
    // on top of the .NET Framework 2.0 and 3.0. For this version
    // check, validate that 2.0, 3.0 and 3.5 are installed.
    bool bNetfx35Installed = (IsNetfx20Installed() && IsNetfx30Installed() && IsNetfx35Installed());

    // The .NET Framework 4.0 is an add-in that installs
    bool bNetfx40Installed = IsNetfx40Installed();

    /\* 只需要检测4.0是否安装 注释掉别的
    // If .NET Framework 1.0 is installed, get the
    // service pack level
    if (bNetfx10Installed)
    {
        iNetfx10SPLevel = GetNetfx10SPLevel();

        if (iNetfx10SPLevel > 0)
            _stprintf_s(szMessage, MAX_PATH, _T(".NET Framework 1.0 service pack %i is installed."), iNetfx10SPLevel);
        else
            _stprintf_s(szMessage, MAX_PATH, _T(".NET Framework 1.0 is installed with no service packs."));

        MessageBox(NULL, szMessage, _T(".NET Framework 1.0"), MB_OK | MB_ICONINFORMATION);
    }
    else
    {
        MessageBox(NULL, _T(".NET Framework 1.0 is not installed."), _T(".NET Framework 1.0"), MB_OK | MB_ICONINFORMATION);
    }

    // If .NET Framework 1.1 is installed, get the
    // service pack level
    if (bNetfx11Installed)
    {
        iNetfx11SPLevel = GetNetfxSPLevel(g_szNetfx11RegKeyName, g_szNetfxStandardSPxRegValueName);

        if (iNetfx11SPLevel > 0)
            _stprintf_s(szMessage, MAX_PATH, _T(".NET Framework 1.1 service pack %i is installed."), iNetfx11SPLevel);
        else
            _stprintf_s(szMessage, MAX_PATH, _T(".NET Framework 1.1 is installed with no service packs."));

        MessageBox(NULL, szMessage, _T(".NET Framework 1.1"), MB_OK | MB_ICONINFORMATION);
    }
    else
    {
        MessageBox(NULL, _T(".NET Framework 1.1 is not installed."), _T(".NET Framework 1.1"), MB_OK | MB_ICONINFORMATION);
    }

    // If .NET Framework 2.0 is installed, get the
    // service pack level
    if (bNetfx20Installed)
    {
        iNetfx20SPLevel = GetNetfxSPLevel(g_szNetfx20RegKeyName, g_szNetfxStandardSPxRegValueName);

        if (iNetfx20SPLevel > 0)
            _stprintf_s(szMessage, MAX_PATH, _T(".NET Framework 2.0 service pack %i is installed."), iNetfx20SPLevel);
        else
            _stprintf_s(szMessage, MAX_PATH, _T(".NET Framework 2.0 is installed with no service packs."));

        MessageBox(NULL, szMessage, _T(".NET Framework 2.0"), MB_OK | MB_ICONINFORMATION);
    }
    else
    {
        MessageBox(NULL, _T(".NET Framework 2.0 is not installed."), _T(".NET Framework 2.0"), MB_OK | MB_ICONINFORMATION);
    }

    // If .NET Framework 3.0 is installed, get the
    // service pack level
    if (bNetfx30Installed)
    {
        iNetfx30SPLevel = GetNetfxSPLevel(g_szNetfx30SpRegKeyName, g_szNetfxStandardSPxRegValueName);

        if (iNetfx30SPLevel > 0)
            _stprintf_s(szMessage, MAX_PATH, _T(".NET Framework 3.0 service pack %i is installed."), iNetfx30SPLevel);
        else
            _stprintf_s(szMessage, MAX_PATH, _T(".NET Framework 3.0 is installed with no service packs."));

        MessageBox(NULL, szMessage, _T(".NET Framework 3.0"), MB_OK | MB_ICONINFORMATION);
    }
    else
    {
        MessageBox(NULL, _T(".NET Framework 3.0 is not installed."), _T(".NET Framework 3.0"), MB_OK | MB_ICONINFORMATION);
    }

    // If .NET Framework 3.5 is installed, get the
    // service pack level
    if (bNetfx35Installed)
    {
        iNetfx35SPLevel = GetNetfxSPLevel(g_szNetfx35RegKeyName, g_szNetfxStandardSPxRegValueName);

        if (iNetfx35SPLevel > 0)
            _stprintf_s(szMessage, MAX_PATH, _T(".NET Framework 3.5 service pack %i is installed."), iNetfx35SPLevel);
        else
            _stprintf_s(szMessage, MAX_PATH, _T(".NET Framework 3.5 is installed with no service packs."));

        MessageBox(NULL, szMessage, _T(".NET Framework 3.5"), MB_OK | MB_ICONINFORMATION);
    }
    else
    {
        MessageBox(NULL, _T(".NET Framework 3.5 is not installed."), _T(".NET Framework 3.5"), MB_OK | MB_ICONINFORMATION);
    }
    */
    // If .NET Framework 4.0 is installed, get the
    // service pack level
    if (bNetfx40Installed)
    {
        iNetfx40SPLevel = GetNetfxSPLevel(g_szNetfx40RegKeyName, g_szNetfxStandardSPxRegValueName);

        if (iNetfx40SPLevel > 0)
            _stprintf_s(szMessage, MAX_PATH, _T(".NET Framework 4.0 service pack %i is installed."), iNetfx40SPLevel);
        else
            _stprintf_s(szMessage, MAX_PATH, _T(".NET Framework 4.0 is installed with no service packs."));

        //MessageBox(NULL, szMessage, _T(".NET Framework 4.0"), MB_OK | MB_ICONINFORMATION);
        //下面开始使用 ShellExecute 运行指定程序
        if (ShellExecute(NULL, "open", "erpmgr.exe", NULL, NULL, SW_SHOWNORMAL) < (HANDLE)32) {
            _stprintf_s(szMessage, MAX_PATH, _T("运行中发生错误，错误代码 %d"), 2);
            MessageBox(NULL, szMessage, NULL, MB_OK);
        }

    }
    else
    {
        MessageBox(NULL, _T(".NET 运行环境未安装或已经损坏，请先安装或修复后再次尝试。"), _T(".NET Framework 4.0"), MB_OK | MB_ICONINFORMATION);
    }

    return 0;
}

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